Genomic and functional comparison of mesenchymal stromal cells prepared using two isolation methods

Area of Science:

• Cellular biology
• Regenerative medicine
• Biotechnology

Background:

• Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are used in cell therapy.
• A novel closed-system filter device yields 2.5-fold more MSCs than open density gradient centrifugation.
• Phenotypic similarity does not guarantee functional equivalence of MSCs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the genomic profiles and functional capacity of MSCs isolated by a novel filter device versus conventional methods.
• To assess the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs based on isolation method, culture condition, and cryopreservation.

Main Methods:

• Human MSCs from 5 donors were isolated using two distinct methods.
• Gene expression profiles were analyzed via microarray.
• In vitro chondrocyte proliferation assays evaluated functional activity of freshly expanded and cryopreserved MSCs.

Main Results:

• MSCs isolated by both methods showed similar gene expression profiles and equivalent therapeutic effects when freshly expanded.
• Freshly thawed, cryopreserved MSCs from both isolation methods lacked measurable therapeutic activity in the bioassay.

Conclusions:

• The novel MSC separation filter device produces MSCs that are genomically and functionally equivalent to conventionally isolated MSCs.
• Cryopreservation negates the measurable therapeutic activity of MSCs, regardless of isolation method.