Ameloblastic fibroma in an alpine chamois (Rupicapra rupicapra)

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Pathology
• Wildlife Neoplasia
• Odontogenic Tumors

Background:

• Spontaneous odontogenic tumors are rare neoplasms of mixed ectomesenchymal and epithelial origin.
• These tumors are infrequently documented in both human and animal populations.

Observation:

• A 3-year-old male Alpine Chamois presented with a large, ulcerated mass on its lower lip.
• Necropsy revealed an exophytic, firm, and ulcerated tumor measuring 10 x 8 cm.

Findings:

• Histological examination showed spindle-shaped cells in a hyaline matrix with odontogenic epithelium and melanocytes.
• Immunohistochemistry confirmed cytokeratin positivity in epithelial components.
• The findings were consistent with a locally infiltrative ameloblastic fibroma.

Implications:

• This case represents the first documented instance of ameloblastic fibroma in a wild ungulate, specifically an Alpine Chamois.
• It underscores the need for increased awareness and diagnostic efforts for neoplasms in wildlife populations.
• Further research into the prevalence and characteristics of odontogenic tumors in free-ranging animals is warranted.