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Related Concept Videos

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages01:30

Lytic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, also known as phages, are specialized viruses that infect bacteria. A key characteristic of phages is their distinctive “head-tail” morphology. A phage begins the infection process (i.e., lytic cycle) by attaching to the outside of a bacterial cell. Attachment is accomplished via proteins in the phage tail that bind to specific receptor proteins on the outer surface of the bacterium. The tail injects the phage’s DNA genome into the bacterial cytoplasm. In the...
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DNA Bacteriophages01:26

DNA Bacteriophages

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria, utilizing their genetic material to hijack host cellular machinery for replication. DNA bacteriophages employ single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) or double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genomes. These phages exhibit diverse replication strategies and host interactions, influencing their ecological roles and applications in biotechnology and medicine.ssDNA BacteriophagesssDNA phages, with their small genomes, utilize unique strategies to...
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Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle01:20

Viral Replication: Lytic Cycle

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Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria. Among them, T-even bacteriophages, such as T4, exhibit a well-characterized lytic replication cycle in Escherichia coli (E. coli). This process ensures the rapid proliferation of the virus while ultimately leading to the destruction of the bacterial host.Attachment and DNA InjectionThe infection process begins with the recognition and binding of the T4 phage to the E. coli cell surface. Tail fibers of the phage...
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Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages00:43

Lysogenic Cycle of Bacteriophages

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In contrast to the lytic cycle, phages infecting bacteria via the lysogenic cycle do not immediately kill their host cell. Instead, they combine their genome with the host genome, allowing the bacteria to replicate the phage DNA along with the bacterial genome. The incorporated copy of the phage genome is called the prophage. Some prophages can re-activate and enter the lytic cycle. This often occurs in response to a perturbation, such as DNA damage, but can also transpire in the absence of...
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Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle01:16

Viral Replication: Lysogenic Cycle

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The lysogenic cycle is a crucial viral replication strategy that allows bacteriophages to persist within host cells without immediately destroying them. This process is primarily observed in temperate phages, such as bacteriophage lambda (λ), which infects Escherichia coli. The cycle allows the viral genome to persist across bacterial generations while keeping host cells viable.Integration of the Viral GenomeUpon infection, bacteriophage lambda attaches to the bacterial surface and injects...
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Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

Biological Methods for Microbial Control

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Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
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Bacteriophage Effectiveness for Biocontrol of Foodborne Pathogens Evaluated via High-Throughput Settings
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Bacteriophage therapy against Enterobacteriaceae.

Youqiang Xu1, Yong Liu, Yang Liu

  • 1China National Research Institute of Food and Fermentation Industries, Beijing, 100015, China.

Virologica Sinica
|February 10, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections cause millions of deaths annually. Bacteriophage therapy offers a promising alternative to antibiotics, utilizing distinct antibacterial mechanisms for effective control.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Enterobacteriaceae are gram-negative bacteria causing diverse human and animal infections, leading to significant mortality and economic losses.
  • Antibiotic resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is a growing global health concern, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies.
  • Traditional treatments face challenges due to widespread antibiotic abuse and emerging resistance patterns.

Observation:

  • Enterobacteriaceae infections encompass a wide spectrum, including bacteremia, urinary tract infections, and intra-abdominal infections.
  • The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains highlights the limitations of current antimicrobial approaches.
  • Bacteriophage therapy presents a viable alternative, leveraging bacteriophages to target and lyse bacteria.

Findings:

  • This paper reviews the historical context and evolution of bacteriophage therapy.
  • It details the bacterial lytic mechanisms employed by bacteriophages against bacterial pathogens.
  • Specific studies investigating bacteriophage therapy for Enterobacteriaceae infections are summarized.

Implications:

  • Bacteriophage therapy provides a novel mechanism of action distinct from antibiotics, crucial for combating resistant bacteria.
  • This approach holds potential for managing challenging Enterobacteriaceae infections in clinical settings.
  • Further research and application of bacteriophage therapy could mitigate the impact of drug-resistant infections.