Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats
07:38

Generating Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Motor Tic Expression in Rats

Published on: May 27, 2021

9.0K

[Mechanisms of catatonia]

D M Dhossche, P Sienaert, F M M A van der Heijden

    Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie
    |February 12, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Catatonia, a syndrome with distinct motor signs, is increasingly recognized and treated with benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy. A new model involving the vagal nerve offers a more comprehensive understanding of its mechanisms.

    More Related Videos

    Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale07:35

    Behavioral Characterization of Pentylenetetrazole-induced Seizures: Moving Beyond the Racine Scale

    Published on: July 8, 2025

    1.9K
    Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia10:41

    Implantation of Osmotic Pumps and Induction of Stress to Establish a Symptomatic, Pharmacological Mouse Model for DYT/PARK-ATP1A3 Dystonia

    Published on: September 12, 2020

    8.2K

    Related Concept Videos

    Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

    Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

    Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
    2
    Alterations in Muscle Tone lll01:11

    Alterations in Muscle Tone lll

    Rigidity and myotonia are distinct abnormalities of muscle tone that affect resistance and relaxation during movement. Although both involve altered muscle contraction, they arise from different neurological and muscular mechanisms.CharacteristicsRigidity is characterized by uniform resistance to passive movement across the entire range, independent of speed, affecting flexors and extensors equally. It may appear as lead-pipe rigidity (smooth, constant resistance) or cogwheel rigidity...
    3
    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

    The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
    The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
    6.0K
    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

    Mechanism of Ciliary Motion

    2.8K
    Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions01:30

    Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions

    Schizophrenia is a complex mental health disorder that can manifest with various positive symptoms, including thought, movement, and behavior disorders. These symptoms significantly disrupt cognitive and motor functions, leading to profound effects on an individual's ability to engage with the world.
    Thought Disorders
    Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes...
    1.2K
    Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles01:29

    Relaxation of Skeletal Muscles

    The period of muscle contraction primarily influences the duration of stimulation at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), the presence of free calcium ions in the sarcoplasm, and the availability of energy or ATP to support contractions.
    When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, it depolarizes the membrane and opens voltage-gated sodium channels. Sodium ions enter the cell, further depolarizing the presynaptic membrane. This depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open....
    10.8K