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Coronary artery disease pattern: a comparision among different age groups
Insights
Younger adults under 40 with coronary artery disease (CAD) show less extensive disease compared to older individuals. This includes fewer coronary arteries affected and a lower incidence of left main coronary arterial involvement in younger patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) patterns differ across age groups.
- Previous angiographic studies suggest less severe CAD in younger populations.
- This study investigates CAD patterns in adults under 40 versus those over 40.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the pattern and extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) in young adults (<40 years) versus older adults (>40 years).
- To analyze differences in single-vessel disease (SVD), double-vessel disease (DVD), and triple-vessel disease (TVD) between the two age groups.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study conducted at the Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore.
- Inclusion of 400 patients undergoing coronary angiography.
- Classification of coronary lesions (stenosis) by a joint committee, noting SVD, DVD, and TVD.
Main Results:
- 48 patients (12%) were in the ≤40 years group (Group-A), and 352 (88%) were in the >40 years group (Group-B).
- Significant CAD was found in 10.75% of Group-A and 76.5% of Group-B.
- Group-A showed a higher frequency of SVD (50%) compared to Group-B (27%), with a statistically significant p-value (0.002).
Conclusions:
- Younger patients (<40 years) with CAD exhibit less extensive disease.
- A higher incidence of angiographically normal vessels is observed in younger adults with CAD.
- Younger patients demonstrate a relative paucity of left main coronary arterial involvement.
Background:
Angiographic studies have shown that the extent of disease and severity is less in younger population with comparatively fewer number of coronary arteries affected than that of older age groups. This study was conducted to compare the pattern of coronary artery disease (CAD) in young adults under 40 years and those more than 40 years of age with significant coronary artery disease on coronary angiography.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Angiography Laboratory of Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Lahore,-from 1st April, 2013 to 1st April, 2014. Patients from Angiography Laboratory of Punjab institute of cardiology Lahore were enrolled in the study. A Joint Committee of consultants reported the coronary lesions (stenosis). Single vessel disease (SVD), Double vessel disease (DVD) and Tripple vessel disease (TVD) was noted down.
Results:
Out of total 400, patients of age ≤40 years (Group-A) were 48 (12%) and >40 years (Group-B) were 352 (88%). There were 77% male patients and 22.5% females. Mean age of patients was 52.78±10.02. Significant CAD was present in 48 (10.75%) patients of Group-A and in 306 (76.5%) patients of group-B. Frequency of SVD DVD and TVD in Group-A was 24 (50%), 10 (20.8%) and 9 (18%) respectively while frequency of SVD, DVD and TVD in group-B was 98 (27%), 88 (25%) and 120 (34%) respectively with p-value of 0.002, 0.53 and 0.03 among SVD, DVD and TVD between the two groups.
Conclusion:
Young (age <40 years) patients who have coronary artery disease, have less extensive coronary artery disease, with a high incidence of angiographically normal vessels and relative paucity of left main coronary arterial involvement.
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