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Rotavirus associated gastroenteritis in Thailand
Niwat Maneekarn1, Pattara Khamrin1
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawaroros, Sriphoom, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand.
Virusdisease
|February 13, 2015
Summary
Group A rotavirus causes severe diarrhea in children globally. This study analyzes rotavirus genotypes in Thailand from 2000-2011, identifying common G-P combinations and evidence of animal-to-human transmission.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Group A rotavirus is a primary cause of severe diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide.
- It is a significant contributor to child mortality, especially in developing nations in Asia and Africa.
- In Thailand, rotavirus infection rates in hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis range from 28.4% to 44.5%.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distribution and evolution of rotavirus G and P genotypes in Thailand between 2000 and 2011.
- To identify the most prevalent G-P combinations of human rotavirus strains circulating in Thailand.
- To explore potential interspecies transmission events between animal and human rotaviruses in Thailand.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of rotavirus strains detected in pediatric patients admitted to hospitals in Thailand over a twelve-year period (2000-2011).
- Genotyping of G and P types of human rotavirus strains.
- Comparison of identified human rotavirus strains with known animal rotavirus strains, particularly porcine rotaviruses.
Main Results:
- The predominant G genotypes identified were G1, G2, G3, G4, G9, and G12, with G9 dominant from 2000-2004, followed by G1 and G3.
- P[8] was consistently the most prevalent P genotype throughout the surveillance period.
- The most common G-P combinations were G1P[8], G9P[8], and G2P[4]. Unusual human rotavirus strains with sequences related to animal rotaviruses were identified, suggesting interspecies transmission.
Conclusions:
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis exhibits year-round seasonality in Thailand, peaking from November to April.
- Specific G genotypes have predominated over different periods, indicating shifts in circulating strains.
- Evidence suggests ongoing interspecies transmission of rotaviruses between animals and humans in Thailand, highlighting the need for continued surveillance.
