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Toxic Reactions: Overview

Toxic Reactions: Overview

When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...

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Advanced 3D Liver Models for In vitro Genotoxicity Testing Following Long-Term Nanomaterial Exposure

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Published on: June 5, 2020

Stem cell-derived systems in toxicology assessment.

Laura Suter-Dick¹, Paula M Alves^2,3, Bas J Blaauboer⁴

¹1University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Muttenz, Switzerland.

Stem Cells and Development

|February 13, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Stem cell-derived (SCD) systems offer promising in vitro alternatives to animal testing in industrial toxicology. Further research and validation are needed for regulatory acceptance of these advanced cell culture models.

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Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Based Developmental Toxicity Assays for Chemical Safety Screening and Systems Biology Data Generation

Published on: June 17, 2015

Area of Science:

Toxicology
Stem Cell Biology
In Vitro Systems

Background:

Industrial toxicological assessments traditionally rely on animal testing.
Ethical, cost, and regulatory pressures necessitate the development of in vitro alternatives.
Stem cell-derived (SCD) systems present a viable alternative for toxicological evaluations.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the outcomes of an EPAA workshop on SCD systems in industrial toxicology.
To identify challenges and future research directions for implementing SCD systems in regulatory toxicology.
To explore the potential of SCD systems for human safety assessments.

Main Methods:

Review of workshop discussions and outcomes regarding SCD systems.
Focus on induced pluripotent stem cell-derived systems for toxicological applications.
Consideration of organotypical 3D cultures and microscale tissue engineering.

Main Results:

SCD systems offer physiological cell culture models amenable to various assays.
Existing SCD systems recapitulate tissue physiology and respond to toxicological stimuli.
Significant research is needed for phenotypic characterization and validation of SCD systems.

Conclusions:

SCD systems hold great potential for replacing animal testing in industrial toxicology.
Further development in 3D cultures, biokinetics, and validation is crucial for regulatory acceptance.
The future involves integrating advanced cell culture and biokinetic measurements for robust in vitro toxicology.