General Anesthesia: Overview
Anatomical Positions
Stages of General Anesthesia
Endoscopic Procedures IV: Sigmoidoscopy and Laproscopy
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia
You might also read
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
Published on: January 17, 2018
1Pierre Wertheimer Neurosurgical and Neurological Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59, boulevard Pinel, 69500 Bron, France.
The sitting position for pineal tumor removal offers good surgical access but carries risks. Proper management significantly reduces complications, making it the gold standard for training teams.
Area of Science:
Background:
Purpose of the Study:
Main Methods:
Main Results:
Conclusions: