Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gut-Brain Axis01:22

Gut-Brain Axis

151
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
151
Parasympathetic Signaling01:30

Parasympathetic Signaling

4.3K
Parasympathetic signaling plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes. It involves the release of acetylcholine (ACh) by parasympathetic neurons, which can have localized and short-lived effects. The majority of ACh released is rapidly inactivated at the synapse by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which hydrolyzes Ach into choline and acetate. Additionally, the tissue cholinesterase deactivates any ACh diffusing into the surrounding tissues.
The effects of...
4.3K
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

4.7K
Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
Ig-CAMs exhibit either homophilic binding (to other Ig-CAMs) or heterophilic binding (to other ligands such as integrins). While most Ig-CAMs...
4.7K
Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

43.7K
Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
43.7K
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins01:22

Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins

12.7K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
12.7K
GPCR Desensitization01:12

GPCR Desensitization

8.9K
G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling plays a crucial role in cell functioning. GPCR desensitization is an equally essential process. It allows cells to respond to changing environments and regain sensitivity to new stimuli while preventing unnecessary stimulation when no longer needed. Prolonged exposure to stimuli leads to GPCR desensitization. It involves blocking the receptors from binding and activating additional G proteins. This inhibits activation of downstream effectors, thereby...
8.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

When the Ice Has Gone: Colonisation of Equatorial Glacier Forelands by Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae).

Neotropical entomology·2020
Same author

Identification of key pathways and genes changes in pancreatic cancer cells (BXPC-3) after cross-talked with primary pancreatic stellate cells using bioinformatics analysis.

Neoplasma·2019
Same author

Substantial fat mass loss reduces low-grade inflammation and induces positive alteration in cardiometabolic factors in normal-weight individuals.

Scientific reports·2019
Same author

Identification of key pathways and gene changes in primary pancreatic stellate cells after cross-talk with pancreatic cancer cells (BXPC-3) using bioinformatics analysis.

Neoplasma·2019
Same author

Hormone replacement therapies, oral contraceptives, reproductive factors and colorectal adenoma risk: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies.

Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland·2019
Same author

Clinical utility of quantitative dual-energy CT iodine maps and CT morphological features in distinguishing small-cell from non-small-cell lung cancer.

Clinical radiology·2019
Same journal

Expression Landscape and Circadian Regulation of lncRNAs in the Kidney.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

A Mouse Ladder-Climb Protocol Induces Acute Anabolic Signaling and Muscle-Specific Adaptations to Resistance Training.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

RyR1 Calcium Leak and Mitochondrial Ca<sup>2+</sup> Homeostasis in Skeletal Muscle.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Functional Differences in Electrolyte Transport Between the Mouse Proximal and Distal Trachea.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Of Mice and Men: Toward Mouse-Specific Diastolic Echocardiography.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
Same journal

Myosin Post-Translational Modifications Associated With Critical Illness Myopathy.

Acta physiologica (Oxford, England)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors
07:51

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors

Published on: November 14, 2014

18.0K

GABAergic signalling in the immune system.

A Barragan1, J M Weidner, Z Jin

  • 1Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|February 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The GABAergic system, a key inhibitory neurotransmitter system, influences immune cell function and inflammation. This review explores GABA signaling in both peripheral and central nervous system immune cells.

Keywords:
GABAGABA-AT celldendritic cellglutamic acid decarboxylasemicroglia

More Related Videos

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.4K
Whole-cell Currents Induced by Puff Application of GABA in Brain Slices
07:32

Whole-cell Currents Induced by Puff Application of GABA in Brain Slices

Published on: October 12, 2017

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors
07:51

Inhibitory Synapse Formation in a Co-culture Model Incorporating GABAergic Medium Spiny Neurons and HEK293 Cells Stably Expressing GABAA Receptors

Published on: November 14, 2014

18.0K
Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission
07:16

Methods for the Discovery of Novel Compounds Modulating a Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Receptor Type A Neurotransmission

Published on: August 16, 2018

14.4K
Whole-cell Currents Induced by Puff Application of GABA in Brain Slices
07:32

Whole-cell Currents Induced by Puff Application of GABA in Brain Slices

Published on: October 12, 2017

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Neuroinflammation

Background:

  • The GABAergic system is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter system in vertebrate CNS.
  • GABA signaling regulates various CNS functions via GABA-A and GABA-B receptors.
  • Emerging evidence links the GABAergic system to immune cell function and inflammatory conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on GABA signaling in peripheral and central immune cells.
  • To highlight the immunomodulatory roles of GABAergic signaling.
  • To identify future research directions in neurotransmitter-driven immunomodulation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on GABAergic system and immune cells.
  • Analysis of GABA signaling pathways in T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, and microglia.
  • Examination of interactions between microglial activation and GABAergic neurotransmission.

Main Results:

  • GABA/GABA-A receptor-mediated immunomodulatory functions are identified in immune cells.
  • GABAergic system influences T lymphocyte and dendritic cell migration.
  • Microglial activation impacts GABAergic neurotransmission in neurons via BDNF secretion.

Conclusions:

  • The GABAergic system plays a significant role in modulating immune cell functions and inflammatory responses.
  • Neurotransmitter-driven immunomodulation is a rapidly advancing scientific field.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between GABA signaling and immunity.