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Urinary tract infections in the infant

Mehreen Arshad1, Patrick C Seed1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, DUMC 3499, Durham, NC 27710, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology
|February 14, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Infant urinary tract infections (UTIs) can signal kidney issues. Prompt treatment is vital to prevent renal scarring, but antibiotic resistance is a growing concern.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in infants may indicate underlying renal disorders.
  • Early recognition and treatment of infant UTIs are crucial to prevent long-term renal scarring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of UTIs in infants.
  • To discuss the implications of antibiotic resistance in neonatal UTIs.
  • To address the controversy surrounding long-term management and antibiotic prophylaxis in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical practices and literature regarding infant UTIs.
  • Analysis of the impact of maternal antibiotic use on neonatal UTI pathogens.
  • Discussion of the risk-benefit profile of antibiotic prophylaxis in infants.

Main Results:

  • Ampicillin and gentamicin are common empiric treatments, but local resistance patterns must be considered.
  • Maternal antibiotic use during pregnancy is linked to increased risk of resistant pathogens in neonatal UTIs.
  • Lack of specific studies in infants contributes to controversy in long-term management strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of infant UTIs requires consideration of local antibiotic resistance.
  • Further research is needed to establish optimal long-term care protocols for infants following a UTI.
  • Balancing the benefits of prophylaxis against the risks of antibiotic resistance is critical.

Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceEscherichia coliInfantsRenal imagingUrinary tract infectionVesicoureteral reflux

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