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Related Experiment Videos

Which atypical antipsychotics are identified by screening tests?

N C Moore1, S Gershon

  • 1Mercer University School of Medicine, Macon, Georgia.

Clinical Neuropharmacology
|June 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Current antipsychotic screening tests may be inadequate. New methods are needed to identify safer and more effective treatments for psychosis, potentially by exploring neurotransmitters beyond dopamine.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The precise biochemical cause of psychosis remains unknown.
  • Existing screening methods for antipsychotics may be insufficient and potentially inappropriate.
  • Current behavioral tests might inadvertently select compounds causing extrapyramidal side effects (EPS).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the specificity and appropriateness of current antipsychotic screening methods.
  • To identify atypical antipsychotics using single- and repeated-dose tests.
  • To explore the need for novel screening approaches based on potential alternative neurotransmitter involvement.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed antipsychotic potential using two specific tests.
  • Evaluated pharmacologically induced locomotion and mesolimbic dopamine (DA) neuron firing.

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  • Classified antipsychotics as atypical based on single- and repeated-dose study outcomes.

    • Main Results:

    • All effective antipsychotics inhibited locomotion and affected mesolimbic DA neuron firing.
    • Several compounds, including clozapine and sulpiride, were identified as atypical antipsychotics.
    • Some compounds showed atypical properties only in single- or repeated-dose studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Current antipsychotic screening may be inadequate due to unknown biochemical causes of psychosis.
    • Novel screening tests may be required if neurotransmitters other than dopamine are implicated.
    • Advanced techniques like brain imaging and understanding genetic factors could lead to improved antipsychotic development.