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Published on: April 25, 2025
Short communication: Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolated from infant milk
B C Araújo1, M S Moraes1, L E O Costa1
1Laboratory of Microbiology, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Senador Furtado 121, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 20270-021, Brazil.
Abstract:
Infant milk formulas are not sterile products, and pathogenic bacteria can survive and multiply in these products. This study was performed, initially, to detect the presence of Salmonella spp. in reconstituted infant milk formula and on utensils previously sanitized used in their preparation or distribution in a nursery of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. None of the samples tested carried Salmonellaspp. However, further identification of colonies growing on the selective media revealed the presence of several other gram-negative bacteria. Seventeen isolates were identified as belonging to Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex. Fourteen isolates presented a multidrug-resistance profile, by disc diffusion assays, and one of them--JE4--was also resistant to imipenem. The detection of Acinetobacter isolates in this work demonstrates inadequate hygiene practices in the preparation or distribution of infant milk formula.
Insights
Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter bacteria were found in infant formula preparation areas, indicating poor hygiene. This highlights risks associated with infant nutrition and hospital sanitation practices.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Infant milk formulas can harbor pathogenic bacteria.
- Ensuring sterile preparation is crucial for infant health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To detect Salmonella spp. in infant formula and preparation utensils.
- To identify other bacteria present and assess their antimicrobial resistance.
Main Methods:
- Samples of reconstituted infant formula and sanitized utensils were collected.
- Selective media were used for bacterial isolation.
- Disc diffusion assays determined antimicrobial resistance profiles.
Main Results:
- Salmonella spp. were not detected.
- Seventeen Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex isolates were identified.
- Fourteen isolates showed multidrug resistance, with one resistant to imipenem.
Conclusions:
- Inadequate hygiene practices in infant formula preparation or distribution were demonstrated.
- The presence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter poses a significant risk to vulnerable infants.
- Enhanced sanitation protocols are necessary in hospital nurseries.
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