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The metatarsosesamoid joint: an in vitro 3D quantitative assessment
Bilal Jamal1, Anand Pillai2, Quentin Fogg3
1Laboratory of Human Anatomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom; Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Castle Street, Glasgow G4 0SF, Scotland, United Kingdom.
Summary
The tibial sesamoid shows greater longitudinal movement, while the fibular sesamoid exhibits greater lateral movement within the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. This study quantifies sesamoid excursion for hallux arthroplasty design.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic biomechanics
- Foot and ankle anatomy
- Surgical anatomy
Background:
- The precise anatomical relationship and movement of the sesamoids within the first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint are not fully understood.
- The metatarsosesamoid articulation is crucial for normal foot function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To quantitatively define the excursion and tracking of the hallucal sesamoids during first MTP joint motion.
- To provide anatomical data for improving hallux arthroplasty design.
Main Methods:
- Cadaveric dissection of seven specimens.
- Digital reconstruction of articulating surfaces using MicroScribe technology.
- Assessment of sesamoid movement throughout a normal range of motion.
Main Results:
- The tibial sesamoid demonstrated an average sagittal plane excursion of 14.7mm.
- The fibular sesamoid showed an average sagittal plane excursion of 7.5mm.
- Sesamoids exhibited medial-to-lateral translation during dorsiflexion, with specific excursions noted at maximal dorsiflexion.
Conclusions:
- Hallucal sesamoids exhibit differential tracking patterns.
- The tibial sesamoid has greater longitudinal excursion, while the fibular sesamoid has greater lateral excursion.
- This quantitative anatomical data is valuable for designing effective hallux arthroplasty implants.
