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BMI curves for preterm infants.

Irene E Olsen1, M Louise Lawson2, A Nicole Ferguson3

  • 1School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Biology and Physics, and ieolsen@yahoo.com.

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|February 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study developed new Body Mass Index (BMI) growth curves for preterm infants, offering a better way to track growth in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). These validated curves help assess infant development and identify potential growth issues.

Keywords:
BMIbody proportionalitygrowthgrowth curvesintrauterine growth curveslarge for gestational agelength for agenutritionrelative weightsmall for gestational ageweight for age

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Preterm infants often exhibit disproportionate growth post-discharge, presenting as large weight-for-length despite small weight-for-age.
  • Existing growth charts may not accurately reflect the growth patterns of infants born prematurely.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create and validate intrauterine weight-for-length growth curves for preterm infants.
  • To utilize a contemporary, large, and racially diverse US birth sample for curve development.
  • To establish gender-specific Body Mass Index (BMI)-for-age curves for neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) populations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from 391,681 US infants (22-42 weeks gestational age, 1998-2006).
  • Determined the optimal weight-for-length ratio (BMI) using established statistical methods.
  • Developed smoothed percentile curves (3rd-97th) via the Lambda Mu Sigma (LMS) method.
  • Validated the curves using separate subsamples.

Main Results:

  • Body Mass Index (BMI) emerged as the most suitable weight-for-length ratio across genders and gestational ages.
  • Gender-specific BMI-for-age curves were created for 254,454 singleton infants and successfully validated.
  • Validation sample z-scores approximated zero, indicating successful curve calibration.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences in BMI were observed across gender and gestational age in preterm infants.
  • Validated, gender-specific BMI reference curves are now available for NICU use.
  • These curves complement existing weight-, length-, and head-circumference-for-age charts for comprehensive infant growth tracking.