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Mechanosensitive membrane probes.

Marta Dal Molin1, Quentin Verolet, Saeideh Soleimanpour

  • 1Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva (Switzerland), Fax: (+41) 22-379-3215 www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Planarizable push-pull probes change color to report on biomembrane tension or disorder. These "fluorescent flippers" offer a novel way to sense cellular environments by changing their light emission when twisted.

Keywords:
fluorescent probeslipid bilayer membranesmechanochemistrymechanophoresoligothiophenespush-pull chromophorestensiontorsion angles

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Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Planarization of polarized ground states in push-pull probes can signal changes in biomembranes.
  • Nature utilizes chromophore planarization and polarization in processes like vision and animal coloration.
  • Mechanosensitive organic materials often change color due to crystal packing alterations under pressure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the concept of planarizable push-pull probes for sensing biomembrane properties.
  • To review mechanosensitive organic materials and their response to mechanical stimuli.
  • To introduce
  • fluorescent flippers
  • as a novel approach for molecular mechanosensing.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of existing literature on planarizable probes, mechanosensitive materials, and molecular rotors.
  • Discussion of nature's examples of chromophore planarization and polarization.
  • Introduction of the
  • fluorescent flipper
  • concept for enhanced molecular mechanosensing.

Main Results:

  • Planarizable push-pull probes exhibit red-shifted excitation maxima in response to biomembrane disorder, tension, or potential.
  • Twisted phenylethynyl oligomers and polymers show planarization-induced color changes, deviating from typical crystal packing responses.
  • Molecular rotors, while operating via excited-state deplanarization, offer complementary sensing through emission changes.

Conclusions:

  • Planarizable push-pull probes, particularly with
  • fluorescent flippers
  • , provide a direct method for sensing molecular environments and biomembrane tension.
  • Understanding chromophore planarization offers insights into both natural phenomena and synthetic mechanosensitive materials.
  • This work highlights a new strategy for developing advanced molecular sensors capable of reporting on mechanical stimuli.