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Related Concept Videos

Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

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The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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Obesity01:24

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
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[Thyroid function in obese children].

Trinidad Sánchez B, Jaime Godoy S, Hernán García B

    Revista Chilena De Pediatria
    |February 21, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) screening is recommended for obese children, as 9.5% of them present subclinical hypothyroidism. This study investigated thyroid function in obese pediatric patients.

    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Endocrinology
    • Obesity Medicine
    • Thyroidology

    Context:

    • Thyroid function in obese children remains under-researched.
    • Obesity is a growing global health concern in pediatric populations.
    • Understanding thyroid function is crucial for managing obese children's health.

    Purpose:

    • To describe thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free plasma thyroxine (FT4) levels in obese children.
    • To identify factors associated with thyroid dysfunction in this cohort.
    • To determine the frequency of hypothyroidism among obese children.

    Summary:

    • A retrospective study analyzed 210 obese children (aged 2-18 years).
    • Results showed hypothyroidism in 10% of patients, with 9.5% having subclinical hypothyroidism.

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  • Body mass index z-score (zBMI) was significantly correlated with TSH levels.

    • Impact:

    • Findings support routine TSH screening for obese children to detect subclinical hypothyroidism early.
    • Early detection and management can prevent long-term complications associated with thyroid dysfunction.
    • This research contributes valuable data for pediatric obesity and endocrine health guidelines.