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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Micro(RNA) managing by mTORC1.

Jenna L Jewell1, Fabian Flores1, Kun-Liang Guan1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla CA 92093, USA.

Molecular Cell
|February 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) controls microRNA (miRNA) production by promoting the degradation of Drosha, a key enzyme, when nutrients are abundant. This regulation ensures proper cellular response to nutrient availability.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular biology
  • Cellular signaling
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of gene expression.
  • miRNA biogenesis involves a complex processing pathway.
  • Nutrient availability influences cellular processes, including gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of mTORC1 in regulating miRNA biogenesis.
  • To identify the molecular mechanisms by which mTORC1 affects miRNA production.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cell culture models.
  • Employed molecular biology techniques to assess protein levels and miRNA processing.
  • Investigated the interaction between mTORC1, Mdm2, and Drosha.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that mTORC1 signaling is essential for global miRNA biogenesis under nutrient-rich conditions.
  • Identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 as a key mediator.
  • Showed that Mdm2 promotes the degradation of Drosha, a critical enzyme in miRNA processing.

Conclusions:

  • mTORC1 globally regulates miRNA biogenesis through Mdm2-mediated Drosha degradation.
  • This mechanism links nutrient status to the control of miRNA production.