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Task choice and semantic interference in picture naming.

Vitória Piai1, Ardi Roelofs2, Herbert Schriefers2

  • 1University of California Berkeley, Department of Psychology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA; Radboud University Nijmegen, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Centre for Cognition, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.

Acta Psychologica
|February 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Speakers avoid simultaneous response selection during dual-tasking, like picture naming. However, they can perform concurrent processing, such as task choices, when response selection is not simultaneous.

Keywords:
Dual taskNamingPicture–word interferenceSemantic interferenceTask choice

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Human Information Processing

Background:

  • Dual-task performance reveals a response selection bottleneck in speech production, particularly in picture naming.
  • Semantic interference in naming is generally constant across varying stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs) when manual responses are required.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether semantic interference in picture naming is influenced by SOA when a task choice is involved.
  • To determine if the response selection bottleneck extends to concurrent processing tasks that do not require simultaneous manual responses.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a task choice between picture naming and word reading based on auditory tone cues.
  • Tones were presented simultaneously with, or 350 ms or 1000 ms before, the picture-word stimulus.
  • Semantic interference was measured by comparing naming performance with semantically related versus unrelated distractor words.

Main Results:

  • Semantic interference occurred when the tone cue preceded the picture-word stimulus (tone pre-exposure).
  • Semantic interference was absent when the tone cue and picture-word stimulus were presented simultaneously.
  • Task choice processing, unlike simultaneous response selection, did not lead to interference when stimuli were concurrent.

Conclusions:

  • Speakers avoid concurrent response selection, supporting the existence of a bottleneck in this specific processing stage.
  • Concurrent processing, such as making a task choice based on cues, can be performed without interference, even with simultaneous stimuli.
  • These findings refine our understanding of processing limitations and capabilities during dual-task performance in speech production.