Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as SH2...

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Proteasome inhibition promotes Foxn1 expression in thymic epithelial cells and induces thymic regeneration in mice.

Cell death and differentiation·2026

Same author

Author Correction: Age-related epithelial defects limit thymic function and regeneration.

Nature immunology·2026

Same author

Differential effects of two common GVHD prophylaxis regimens on the gut microbiome: Results from the BMT CTN 1801 study.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

The intestinal microbiota as a key modulator of acute graft-versus-host disease.

Nature reviews. Cancer·2026

Same author

IL-7: a potential next-generation adjuvant for immune cell therapies.

Frontiers in immunology·2026

Same author

Damage-induced pyroptosis drives endogenous thymic regeneration by activating the purinergic receptor P2Y2.

Cell death & disease·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Published on: January 25, 2017

Interleukin-22: immunobiology and pathology.

Jarrod A Dudakov¹, Alan M Hanash, Marcel R M van den Brink

¹Immunology Program and.

Annual Review of Immunology

|February 24, 2015

Summary

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is a cytokine involved in tissue regeneration and host defense at barrier surfaces. This review explores its dual role in physiology and inflammatory pathology, focusing on epithelial cell function.

Keywords:

epithelial cells interleukin-22 tissue regeneration

More Related Videos

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 17, 2026

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Visualization of IL-22-expressing Lymphocytes Using Reporter Mice

Published on: January 25, 2017

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

A Strategy for the Study of IL-9-Producing Lymphoid Cells in the Nippostrongylus brasiliensis Infection Model

Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is an IL-10 family cytokine produced by various immune cells, including T helper 17 (Th17) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs).
IL-22 has been identified in multiple tissues and primarily acts on non-hematopoietic epithelial and stromal cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the current understanding of IL-22 biology.
To assess the physiologic and pathologic effects of IL-22 on epithelial cell function.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on IL-22.
Analysis of IL-22's role in different tissues and cell types.

Main Results:

IL-22 promotes epithelial cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.
IL-22 plays a role in host defense at barrier surfaces.
IL-22 is implicated in inflammatory tissue pathology.

Conclusions:

IL-22 has a complex role in tissue homeostasis, regeneration, and host defense.
Understanding IL-22's dual functions is crucial for addressing inflammatory diseases.