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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
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Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
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The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
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Integration of Bioinformatics Approaches and Experimental Validations to Understand the Role of Notch Signaling in Ovarian Cancer
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Integration of Bioinformatics Approaches and Experimental Validations to Understand the Role of Notch Signaling in Ovarian Cancer

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NOTCH mutations: multiple faces in human malignancies.

Li Mao1

  • 1Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland. lmao@umaryland.edu.

Cancer Prevention Research (Philadelphia, Pa.)
|February 26, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

NOTCH1 mutations in oral cancer vary by ethnicity, with Chinese patients showing higher rates and activating mutations. Further research is needed to understand NOTCH signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • NOTCH proteins are crucial for cell functions like stem cell maintenance and fate determination.
  • NOTCH signaling is implicated in various cancers, but its role in solid tumors, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), is complex and not fully understood.
  • NOTCH1 mutations have been observed in OSCC, with differing frequencies and types (inactivating vs. activating) across patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the complex and often contradictory roles of NOTCH signaling in human cancers, specifically focusing on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
  • To analyze the prevalence and nature of NOTCH1 mutations in OSCC, considering ethnic variations.
  • To highlight the need for further research into NOTCH's function in cancer initiation and progression for therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing studies on NOTCH signaling in cancer.
  • Comparative analysis of NOTCH1 mutation data from Caucasian and Chinese OSCC patient cohorts.
  • Synthesis of findings to elucidate the role of NOTCH alterations in OSCC.

Main Results:

  • NOTCH1 mutations are present in 10-15% of OSCC tumors in Caucasian patients, predominantly inactivating.
  • In contrast, approximately 50% of OSCC tumors in Chinese patients exhibit NOTCH1 mutations, with a significant proportion being potentially activating.
  • These divergent findings complicate the understanding of NOTCH's role in OSCC.

Conclusions:

  • The role of NOTCH signaling in OSCC is intricate and influenced by ethnic background.
  • Activating NOTCH1 mutations may play a more significant role in OSCC development in certain populations.
  • Further investigation into NOTCH pathways is essential for developing targeted cancer therapies.