The skin microbiome: Associations between altered microbial communities and disease

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Dermatology
• Human Microbiome Research

Background:

• The human skin hosts a vast and diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, mites, and viruses.
• These microbial communities play a dual role, offering protection against pathogens but also potentially contributing to various skin diseases and delayed wound healing.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current knowledge on the healthy skin microbiome.
• To examine how alterations in skin microbial communities contribute to diseases such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, and chronic wounds.
• To discuss the impact of Westernized lifestyles and novel therapeutic strategies on the skin microbiome.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current scientific knowledge on the skin microbiome.
• Analysis of methodologies used to study skin microbial communities.
• Discussion of microbial diversity changes and specific microorganism colonization in disease contexts.

Main Results:

• Altered skin microbial communities are associated with specific dermatological conditions.
• Westernized lifestyles may negatively impact the skin microbiome's balance.
• Novel therapeutic strategies present both potential benefits and risks.

Conclusions:

• Understanding the skin microbiome's interaction with the host immune system is crucial for elucidating disease mechanisms.
• Further research into the skin microbiome can reveal new therapeutic targets for skin diseases.
• Interventions targeting the skin microbiome hold promise for future dermatological treatments.