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Biomarkers: background, classification and guidelines for applications in nutritional epidemiology
Dolores Corella1, José M Ordovás2
1Unidad de Epidemiología Genética y Molecular. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Ciencias de la Alimentación, Toxicología y Medicina Legal. Universidad de Valencia. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid.. dolores.corella@uv.es.
Nutricion Hospitalaria
|February 27, 2015
Summary
Biomarkers objectively measure diet in nutritional epidemiology. Advances in omics technologies like genomics and metabolomics offer new potential for developing precise dietary exposure biomarkers.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Epidemiology
- Biomarker Discovery
- Omics Technologies
Background:
- Assessing dietary intake with validity and reliability is a major challenge in nutritional epidemiology.
- Objective biomarkers are needed for standardized, precise dietary evaluation.
- Existing methods face difficulties in identifying robust biomarkers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status of biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology.
- To explore future trends and potential of omics-based biomarkers.
- To highlight the importance of objective dietary assessment tools.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on biomarkers in nutritional epidemiology.
- Discussion of various biological samples used for biomarker analysis (blood, urine, saliva, etc.).
- Exploration of omics disciplines (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) for novel biomarker identification.
Main Results:
- Biomarkers can be classified as exposure, effect, or disease status markers.
- Exposure biomarkers can be categorized by the timescale of effect (acute, medium-term, chronic).
- Omics advances are significantly expanding the possibilities for new biomarker development.
Conclusions:
- Biomarkers are crucial for improving the accuracy of dietary intake assessment.
- Omics technologies represent a promising frontier for developing next-generation nutritional biomarkers.
- Continued research in omics is essential for advancing nutritional epidemiology.
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