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Prediction, context, and competition in visual recognition.

Sabrina Trapp1, Moshe Bar

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|March 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Perception involves competition between multiple interpretations. Frontal cortex signals, especially from the orbitofrontal cortex, resolve this competition using predictions for a singular percept.

Keywords:
biased competitionexpectationsobject recognitionorbitofrontal cortexperceptual hypothesisperceptual tasktop-down

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Perception is influenced by top-down predictions.
  • Sensory input activates multiple perceptual hypotheses simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the competitive nature of perceptual processing.
  • To identify neural mechanisms resolving competition using expectations.

Main Methods:

  • Review of previous findings on perceptual competition.
  • Proposal of neural regions involved in expectation-based resolution.

Main Results:

  • Perceptual processing is inherently competitive, with initial activation of multiple hypotheses.
  • Frontal cortices, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex, are proposed as key for resolving competition.

Conclusions:

  • Rapid extraction and top-down dissemination of global context signals from frontal regions resolve perceptual competition.
  • Expectations originating from the orbitofrontal cortex facilitate selection of the correct interpretation.