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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction01:22

Esophageal Perforation-I: Introduction

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Esophageal perforation is a severe medical condition characterized by a breach in the integrity of the esophageal wall. This breach can occur due to various factors such as trauma, medical procedures, or underlying diseases. When the esophageal wall is compromised, it allows food, fluids, and digestive juices into the chest cavity or adjacent structures, leading to potential complications and health risks.
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Esophageal Perforation-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:28

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Esophageal perforations manifest in various clinical forms, influenced by factors such as the perforation's cause and location (cervical, intrathoracic, or intra-abdominal), the extent of contamination, and potential injury to adjacent mediastinal structures. The timing between the perforation occurrence and treatment initiation also affects the clinical presentation.
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Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

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Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
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While local anesthetics are generally safe and well-tolerated, they can occasionally cause adverse effects that vary in severity. Local anesthetics can induce toxicity at two distinct levels. They can either produce local effects through direct contact with the neural elements or be absorbed into the bloodstream from the injection site, leading to systemic effects.
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Esophageal varices are dilated, tortuous veins which are found mainly in the submucosa of the lower esophagus but which may also appear higher up or extend into the stomach. They develop due to increased pressure in the portal venous system, often as a result of liver cirrhosis. This condition scars and damages the liver, impeding normal blood flow through the portal vein. To compensate, blood seeks alternative pathways, forming fragile new vessels (varices) in the esophagus and stomach. These...
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Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...
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Neck dissection: cause and effect.

N Hirshoren1, F Ashqar1, J M Weinberger1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery,Hadassah Medical Centre, Hebrew University of Jerusalem,Israel.

The Journal of Laryngology and Otology
|March 4, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neck dissection procedures have shifted, with more thyroid cancer surgeries and fewer for epithelial cancers. This impacts surgical residency training and competency development.

Keywords:
Organ Preservation

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Area of Science:

  • Surgical Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Neck dissection is a critical surgical procedure for head and neck cancers.
  • Understanding procedural trends is essential for adapting surgical training programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate temporal changes in neck dissection procedures.
  • To assess the impact of these changes on surgical residency training.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of neck dissections.
  • Comparison of procedures from two distinct decades (1981-1990 vs. 2003-2012).

Main Results:

  • Increased frequency of neck dissections for thyroid cancer (60.7% vs. 25%).
  • Decreased frequency for epithelial malignancies (23.2% vs. 53.5%).
  • Dissections for epithelial malignancies were more extensive and frequently followed chemoradiation failure.

Conclusions:

  • Significant shift in neck dissection indications over time.
  • Growing trend towards conservative treatment for epithelial cancers.
  • Increased thyroid cancer diagnosis and surgical intervention impacts resident training and skill acquisition.