Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

7.3K
The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).
7.3K
Phase Diagram01:24

Phase Diagram

164
A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the physical states of a substance under different conditions of temperature and pressure. It shows the boundaries between solid, liquid, and gas phases and the conditions at which these phases coexist in equilibrium. An area in a phase diagram represents a single phase, whereas lines or phase boundaries represent the equilibrium between two phases.In the phase diagram of water, the boundary line between the solid and liquid states illustrates...
164
Phase Transitions01:21

Phase Transitions

94
A phase transition is the process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, like from a solid to a liquid, liquid to gas, or vice versa, at a specific temperature and under given pressure conditions. This change is spontaneous and is affected by alterations in temperature and pressure. These parameters impact the strength of the forces between molecules (intermolecular forces) in the substance.During a phase transition, both the initial and final phases of the substance...
94
Phase Transitions02:31

Phase Transitions

24.0K
Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
24.0K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

15.8K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
15.8K
Dynamic Equilibrium02:20

Dynamic Equilibrium

67.7K
A reversible chemical reaction represents a chemical process that proceeds in both forward (left to right) and reverse (right to left) directions. When the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal, the concentrations of the reactant and product species remain constant over time and the system is at equilibrium. A special double arrow is used to emphasize the reversible nature of the reaction. The relative concentrations of reactants and products in equilibrium systems vary greatly;...
67.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Observation of Shapiro steps in an ultracold atomic Josephson junction.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2025
Same author

Suturing under tension in minimally invasive surgery: A comparison of three intracorporeal knot types : Philipp Romero<sub>1</sub>, Hans Kessler<sub>1</sub>, Juri Fuchs<sub>1,</sub> Estelle Willuth<sub>1</sub>, Frank Pianka<sub>2</sub>, Patrick Günther<sub>1</sub>.

Langenbeck's archives of surgery·2025
Same author

Observation of a bilayer superfluid with interlayer coherence.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Torus Bifurcation of a Dissipative Time Crystal.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Observation of Brownian Motion of a Bose-Einstein Condensate.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Equilibrium Parametric Amplification in Raman-Cavity Hybrids.

Physical review letters·2024
Same journal

Tau protein as a regulator of mitochondrial function and dynamics.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

A scalable, dividing cell model for the robust propagation and quantification of human sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease prions.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Epigenetic regulation of mesenchymal BMP signaling directs postnatal organ innervation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Single-shot wide-field biochemical imaging at 1 kHz frame rate.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

Morphogenesis and topological evolution of a frustrated nematic liquid crystal under confinement.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same journal

B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.7K

Dynamical phase transition in the open Dicke model.

Jens Klinder1, Hans Keßler1, Matthias Wolke1

  • 1Institut für Laser-Physik, Universität Hamburg, 22761 Hamburg, Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 4, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers studied the Hepp-Lieb-Dicke phase transition in a Bose-Einstein condensate. They observed hysteresis and power-law scaling, offering insights into nonequilibrium physics in open many-body systems.

Keywords:
Dicke modelcavity QEDcritical behaviordynamical phase transitionquantum gas

More Related Videos

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K
Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions
11:38

Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions

Published on: April 19, 2018

8.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets
06:26

Orientational Transition in a Liquid Crystal Triggered by the Thermodynamic Growth of Interfacial Wetting Sheets

Published on: May 15, 2017

7.7K
An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
11:03

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

9.1K
Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions
11:38

Combining Microfluidics and Microrheology to Determine Rheological Properties of Soft Matter during Repeated Phase Transitions

Published on: April 19, 2018

8.6K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum physics
  • Many-body systems
  • Non-equilibrium dynamics

Background:

  • The Dicke model describes the interaction between light and matter.
  • Understanding phase transitions in open quantum systems is crucial.
  • Bose-Einstein condensates offer a controllable platform for quantum simulations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamical critical properties of the Hepp-Lieb-Dicke phase transition.
  • To explore hysteresis and scaling behavior during quenches across the phase boundary.
  • To connect experimental observations with theoretical frameworks for non-equilibrium phase transitions.

Main Methods:

  • Realization of the Dicke model using a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to an optical cavity.
  • Performing rapid quenches across the phase transition boundary.
  • Analyzing the dynamics and observing hysteresis.
  • Numerical simulations using a generalized Dicke Hamiltonian.

Main Results:

  • Observation of hysteresis in the phase transition between homogeneous and self-organized collective phases.
  • Power-law scaling of the enclosed loop area with quench time.
  • Experimental results are well reproduced by mean-field theory.
  • Demonstration of a weak dissipation channel in the Dicke model.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides experimental evidence for dynamical critical phenomena in an open many-body system.
  • The observed hysteresis and scaling laws align with the Kibble-Zurek mechanism.
  • The work advances the understanding of non-equilibrium physics in systems with infinite-range interactions.
  • This research contributes to the broader field of quantum phase transitions and quantum simulation.