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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

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Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
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Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions01:21

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In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
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Decreased Body Temperature01:29

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A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

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Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
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Related Experiment Video

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Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
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Reconsidering outdoor temperature and cognition in multiple sclerosis.

Brandon L Roberg1, Jared M Bruce2

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Kansas City, USA.

Multiple Sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
|March 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Warmer weather does not appear to impact cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis (MS). This study found no significant relationship between outdoor temperature and cognition in 263 MS patients, contrary to prior research.

Keywords:
Multiple sclerosisattentioncognitive testingmemoryneuropsychological functioningprocessing speed

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Environmental Medicine
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Emerging research suggests a link between warmer weather and multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity.
  • Previous studies indicated that higher outdoor temperatures may negatively affect cognitive function in individuals with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and replicate the association between outdoor temperature and cognitive performance in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To determine if warmer environmental conditions correlate with diminished cognitive abilities in an MS cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Examined the relationship between outdoor temperature and cognitive test results.
  • Analyzed data from three distinct studies involving a total of 263 patients diagnosed with MS.
  • Utilized statistical methods to assess the significance of temperature's impact on cognition.

Main Results:

  • Contrary to prior findings, this study found no statistically significant association between outdoor temperature and cognitive performance in the studied MS population.
  • Results indicate that cognitive function in MS patients was not demonstrably affected by ambient temperature variations.

Conclusions:

  • The current findings challenge previous assumptions about the direct influence of warmer temperatures on MS cognition.
  • Further research is necessary to elucidate the complex interplay between seasonal factors and cognitive function in multiple sclerosis.
  • Investigating specific environmental variables and their timing is crucial for a comprehensive understanding.