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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Induction of Intestinal Inflammation by Adoptive Transfer of CBir1 TCR Transgenic CD4+ T Cells to Immunodeficient Mice
Published on: December 16, 2021
Complement activation promotes colitis-associated carcinogenesis through activating intestinal IL-1β/IL-17A axis.
1Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Complement activation drives colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) by increasing IL-1β and IL-17. Targeting complement pathways may offer new treatments for this inflammatory bowel disease complication.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Gastroenterology
- Oncology
Background:
- Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) is a severe complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
- The role of complement activation in CAC pathogenesis is not well understood.
- Excessive complement activation is implicated in IBD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of complement activation in the development of CAC.
- To elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which complement influences CAC.
- To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting complement for CAC treatment.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a mouse model of CAC induced by azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS).
- Assessed the impact of deficiencies in complement components (C3, C5, C5a receptor) on tumor development.
- Analyzed levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17) and neutrophil infiltration in colonic tissues.
Main Results:
- Complement activation was essential for CAC pathogenesis in the AOM/DSS model.
- Mice deficient in complement components showed repressed tumor development.
- Complement ablation reduced colonic IL-1β levels, primarily produced by neutrophils.
- C5a, a complement product, induced IL-1β production in neutrophils.
- IL-1β promoted colon carcinogenesis via IL-17 response in myeloid cells.
Conclusions:
- Complement activation plays a protumorigenic role in inflammation-related colorectal cancer.
- Targeting complement pathways may represent a viable therapeutic strategy for CAC.
- The C5a-IL-1β-IL-17 axis is a key pathway in complement-driven CAC.
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