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Enhancing spoof surface-plasmons with gradient metasurfaces.

Ling-Bao Kong¹, Cheng-Ping Huang², Chao-Hai Du¹

¹School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.

Scientific Reports

|March 6, 2015

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Researchers enhanced the coupling between plasmonic fields and relativistic electrons using gradient metasurfaces to support spoof surface-plasmons (SSPs). This method achieves quasi-velocity-matching, enabling efficient energy transfer for potential new terahertz (THz) wave sources.

Area of Science:

Physics
Materials Science
Engineering

Background:

Surface plasmons and free electrons can amplify waves or accelerate particles.
Weak interactions due to short lengths or velocity mismatches limit current applications.
Enhancing plasmon-electron coupling is crucial for advanced wave-particle interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose a novel mechanism for enhancing the coupling between plasmonic fields and relativistic electrons.
To investigate the use of gradient metasurfaces supporting spoof surface-plasmons (SSPs) for this purpose.
To achieve quasi-velocity-matching between SSPs and electrons.

Main Methods:

Utilizing a weakly gradient metasurface to support spoof surface-plasmons (SSPs).
Manipulating the phase velocity of SSPs to approach velocity-matching conditions with relativistic electrons.

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Employing dynamic coupling equations and particle-in-cell simulations to analyze the interaction.

Main Results:

Demonstrated sustained increase of SSPs in a narrow frequency band.
Achieved significant energy extraction from relativistic electrons due to strong coupling.
Obtained 65 W output power at 1 THz with a 28 mm interaction length.
Enhanced coupling efficiency by two orders of magnitude.

Conclusions:

The proposed mechanism effectively enhances plasmon-electron coupling.
Quasi-velocity-matching is achievable using gradient metasurfaces and SSPs.
The findings pave the way for designing compact and efficient terahertz (THz) wave sources.