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Persisting behavior problems in extremely low birth weight adolescents.

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Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) adolescents show persistent behavior problems like ADHD and anxiety, according to parents, but not self-reports. Early intervention is crucial for these ELBW youth.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants face increased risks for neurodevelopmental and behavioral challenges.
  • Longitudinal studies are essential to understand the trajectory of behavioral problems in ELBW survivors into adolescence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize behavior problems in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) adolescents at age 14 using parent and self-ratings.
  • To analyze changes in parent-reported behavior problems from age 8 to 14 in ELBW individuals.
  • To compare behavioral outcomes between ELBW adolescents and normal birth weight (NBW) controls.

Main Methods:

  • Parent and adolescent self-ratings of behavior were collected for 169 ELBW and 115 NBW participants at age 14.
  • Parental behavior ratings from age 8 were also analyzed.
  • Symptom severity scores and DSM-IV criteria rates were used to assess behavior outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Parent ratings indicated higher symptom severity for inattentive attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, and social problems in ELBW adolescents compared to NBW controls.
  • ELBW adolescents had significantly higher rates of parent-reported inattentive ADHD meeting DSM-IV criteria (12% vs. 1%).
  • Conversely, ELBW adolescents reported fewer behavior problems than controls on self-ratings; parent-reported differences for ADHD diminished over time, especially in females.

Conclusions:

  • ELBW adolescents exhibit ongoing behavioral difficulties, particularly in attention, anxiety, and social domains, as reported by parents.
  • Discrepancies between parent and self-ratings highlight the importance of multiple perspectives in assessing ELBW youth behavior.
  • Early identification and intervention for behavioral issues in ELBW children are supported by these findings.