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The Cochlea

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

Published on: June 6, 2012

Perceptual interactions between electrodes using focused and monopolar cochlear stimulation.

Jeremy Marozeau¹, Hugh J McDermott, Brett A Swanson

¹Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Australia, jemaroz@elektro.dtu.dk.

Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO

|March 7, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The all-polar (AP) stimulation mode in cochlear implants (CI) reduces electrical field spread compared to monopolar (MP) mode. However, AP mode did not significantly improve neuronal excitation spread or temporal delay discrimination in participants.

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Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Behavioral Determination of Stimulus Pair Discrimination of Auditory Acoustic and Electrical Stimuli Using a Classical Conditioning and Heart-rate Approach

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Published on: June 6, 2012

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Published on: October 8, 2014

Combined Shuttle-Box Training with Electrophysiological Cortex Recording and Stimulation as a Tool to Study Perception and Learning

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Published on: October 22, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Audiology

Background:

Monopolar (MP) stimulation is standard in cochlear implant (CI) systems.
All-polar (AP) stimulation offers potential for focused electrical fields using multiple current sources.
Understanding electrode interaction differences between MP and AP modes is crucial for CI development.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the all-polar (AP) stimulation mode with the monopolar (MP) mode in cochlear implants.
To investigate the potential of AP mode to reduce uncontrolled electrode interactions.
To evaluate the perceptual effects of AP mode on current spread and neuronal excitation.

Main Methods:

Five participants with research CI devices were tested.
Experiments measured current level differences, spatial masking patterns, and temporal delay discrimination.
Stimulation modes (AP and MP) were compared across varying electrode separations.

Main Results:

AP mode showed significantly less current summation interaction than MP mode at closer electrode separations.
No significant difference in spatial masking patterns was observed between AP and MP modes.
Temporal delay discrimination showed no significant difference between AP and MP modes.

Conclusions:

AP stimulation effectively reduces electrical current spread compared to MP stimulation.
Despite reduced current spread, AP mode did not demonstrate a significant advantage in reducing neuronal excitation spread.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the benefits of AP stimulation in cochlear implants.