Effect of different chitosan derivatives on in vitro scratch wound assay: a comparative study

Different strategies have been developed to make the wound-healing process faster and less painful. Recently, numerous studies demonstrated the ability of chitosan to accelerate wound healing. Aim of the present study has been to evaluate the effect of different chitosan derivatives to improve wound healing process. Quaternary ammonium-chitosan conjugates with low or high molecular weight (MW) and their thiolated derivatives effect were studied on human skin fibroblasts in terms of viability and migration (scratch wound assay). Results were compared both with basal medium (untreated cells) and with a positive control (chitosan chlorhydrate). After 24h both high and low MW chitosan derivatives were non-toxic up to 10 μg/ml. The concentration of 10 μg/ml was used for wound healing experiments. High-MW quaternary ammonium-chitosan conjugates bearing thiol groups on their chains were more effective in promoting cell migration than the non-thiolated conjugates and the chitosan chlorhydrate. Moreover, they significantly improve wound healing process compared to untreated cells. According to the present in vitro preliminary results, high MW thiolated quaternary ammonium-chitosan conjugates can be considered good candidates for the management of wounds.