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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human Genetics

Background:

  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype's impact on neurocognitive function is established in older adults.
  • Limited research exists on APOE's influence on cognition in younger populations.
  • Sex-based differences in cognitive abilities are increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of biological sex and APOE genotype in spatial learning and memory.
  • To explore how these factors influence performance on specific neurocognitive tasks in young adults.

Main Methods:

  • 169 young adults (88 females) participated.
  • Neurocognitive assessment included mental rotation, spatial span, and a spatial navigation test (Memory Island).
  • Statistical analysis examined differences based on sex and APOE genotype.

Main Results:

  • Males significantly outperformed females across all tested neurocognitive tasks.
  • Males demonstrated faster navigation in Memory Island and higher scores in mental rotation and spatial span.
  • No significant association was found between APOE genotype and performance on these spatial tasks.

Conclusions:

  • Sex is a significant factor influencing spatial learning and memory performance in young adults.
  • APOE genotype did not appear to modulate these sex differences in the observed age group.
  • Findings contribute to understanding sexually dimorphic patterns in neurobehavioral tasks.