[Shoulder arthroplasty: the situation in 2014].

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Biomedical Engineering
• Medical Device Technology

Context:

• Shoulder arthroplasty has evolved into three main types: hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty.
• Current literature lacks a clear consensus on the specific indications for each implant type.
• This review synthesizes existing literature to delineate appropriate use cases for each prosthesis.

Purpose:

• To consolidate and clarify the indications for hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse shoulder arthroplasty based on current scientific literature.
• To provide orthopedic surgeons with evidence-based guidance for selecting the most suitable shoulder implant.
• To address the ambiguity surrounding the optimal application of different shoulder arthroplasty designs.

Summary:

• Hemiarthroplasty, an early implant, is now reserved for specific, limited indications.
• Total shoulder arthroplasty is primarily indicated for centered glenohumeral osteoarthritis.
• Reverse shoulder arthroplasty is recommended for complex cases involving rotator cuff deficiency or tuberoties issues.

Impact:

• Improved patient outcomes through optimized implant selection.
• Reduced ambiguity in clinical decision-making for shoulder replacement procedures.
• Advancement of standardized treatment protocols in shoulder arthroplasty.