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Morbidity and Mortality in Iranian Children with Juvenile Systemic Lupus erythematosus

Fariba Tavangar-Rad1, Vahid Ziaee2, Mohammad-Hassan Moradinejad3

  • 1Growth and Development Research Center.

Iranian Journal of Pediatrics
|March 11, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) impacts multiple organs, with poorer prognosis in children. This study found a 10% mortality rate, with liver, cardiac, and pulmonary involvement significantly increasing mortality risk in pediatric SLE patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Rheumatology
  • Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is a significant rheumatologic condition affecting children, often with a poorer prognosis compared to adult-onset lupus.
  • Understanding mortality and morbidity patterns in pediatric SLE is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the mortality and morbidity rates in children diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Iran.
  • To identify factors associated with increased mortality in pediatric SLE.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study evaluated 120 children with SLE from a pediatric rheumatology database (2004-2010).
  • Data collected included demographics, age at diagnosis and study, organ involvement, remission status, and mortality.
  • Statistical analysis identified significant differences in organ involvement across age groups and sexes, and associations with remission and mortality.

Main Results:

  • The study included 120 pediatric SLE patients (77% female), with a mean follow-up of 56 months.
  • The overall mortality rate was 10%.
  • Musculoskeletal, oral ulcer, ophthalmic, cardiovascular, and renal involvement showed significant associations with age, sex, or remission status. Cardiac, pulmonary, and liver involvement were significantly associated with increased mortality.

Conclusions:

  • The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 97% and 89%, respectively.
  • Liver, cardiac, and pulmonary involvement are critical factors associated with higher mortality in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus.
  • These findings highlight the importance of monitoring and managing these specific organ involvements in pediatric SLE for better survival rates.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenIranJuvenileMorbidityMortalitySystemic Lupus Erythematosus

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