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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse POP Quantification System
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Urogynecologic conditions: urinary incontinence.

Robert Kelley1, Alan D Garely2

  • 1Mount Sinai Hospital and School of Medicine, 1176 Fifth Avenue 9th Floor, New York, NY 10029, robert.kelley@mountsinai.org.

FP Essentials
|March 11, 2015
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Summary

Urinary incontinence (UI) is common and often untreated. Diagnosis involves history, examination, and tests, with treatments varying by UI type, including exercises, surgery, behavioral therapy, or medication.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Gynecology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Urinary incontinence (UI), the involuntary leakage of urine, is a prevalent condition.
  • UI often goes untreated despite its significant impact on quality of life.
  • Etiology of UI is multifactorial, with common types including stress and urge UI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the diagnostic approaches for urinary incontinence.
  • To outline the treatment strategies for different types of urinary incontinence.
  • To highlight the importance of addressing untreated UI.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on a detailed medical history, including validated questionnaires.
  • Physical examination, including a pelvic exam and observation, is crucial.
  • Further diagnostic tools include physical maneuvers and urodynamic studies.

Main Results:

  • Stress UI treatment may involve pelvic floor exercises or surgical pelvic floor support.
  • Urge UI treatment typically includes behavioral therapy and/or pharmacotherapy.
  • Antimuscarinic drugs are often a first-line pharmacotherapy for urge UI.

Conclusions:

  • Effective diagnostic methods exist for urinary incontinence.
  • Tailored treatment strategies are available for stress and urge UI.
  • Addressing and treating UI is essential for improving patient well-being.