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$Crystallization of Proteins on Chip by Microdialysis for In Situ X-ray Diffraction Studies$

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Crystallization of lysozyme with (R)-, (S)- and (RS)-2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol.

Mark Stauber¹, Jean Jakoncic², Jacob Berger¹

¹Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, 2495 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10033-3312, USA.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography

|March 12, 2015

Summary

Chiral additives like (R)-2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol ((R)-MPD) can improve protein crystal quality. Lysozyme crystals grown with (R)-MPD showed higher order and resolution, indicating specific chiral interactions in protein crystallization.

Keywords:

MPD chirality crystallization additives high-resolution protein structures precipitants

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Crystallography
Chirality studies

Background:

Chiral control in small-molecule crystallization is well-established.
The role of chirality in protein crystallization remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of chiral additives on protein crystallization.
To determine if specific enantiomers of 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) affect lysozyme crystal quality.

Main Methods:

Lysozyme crystallization using R-MPD, S-MPD, and racemic RS-MPD.
Analysis of crystal order and resolution.
Investigation of enantiomer-specific interactions within crystal contacts.

Main Results:

Crystals grown with (R)-MPD exhibited the highest order and resolution.
Preferential interaction was observed between lysozyme and (R)-MPD in crystals grown with (R)-MPD and (RS)-MPD.
Chiral additives significantly influence protein crystal formation.

Conclusions:

Chiral interactions play a crucial role in protein crystallization.
(R)-MPD can enhance the quality of lysozyme crystals.
Enantioselective interactions between proteins and chiral additives are important for optimizing crystallization outcomes.