Hepatocellular carcinoma rupture following transarterial chemoembolization

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Interventional Radiology

Background:

• Liver cancer incidence is rising globally.
• Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a key minimally invasive treatment for liver cancer.
• While generally safe, TACE carries rare risks, including tumor rupture and hemorrhage.

Purpose of the Study:

• To highlight a rare complication of TACE: hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture.
• To present a successful management strategy for TACE-induced HCC rupture.

Main Methods:

• Literature review on TACE complications and HCC rupture.
• Case report detailing a patient with HCC rupture post-TACE.
• Interventional radiology procedure using coil embolization for hemorrhage control.

Main Results:

• Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture following TACE is a rare but critical complication.
• Successful hemorrhage control and patient management were achieved using coil embolization.

Conclusions:

• Early recognition of HCC rupture post-TACE is crucial.
• Coil embolization represents an effective treatment option for managing TACE-induced HCC rupture.