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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

A work time study analysing differences in resource use between psychiatric inpatients.

Jan Wolff¹, Paul McCrone, Mathias Berger

¹Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Health Service and Population Research, Centre for the Economics of Mental and Physical Health, King's College London, London, UK, jan.wolff@kcl.ac.uk.

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology

|March 13, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Staff time allocation in mental health care reveals significant cost differences between patient groups. Reducing administrative tasks can free up resources for direct patient care, improving efficiency in reimbursement schemes.

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Area of Science:

Healthcare management
Mental health services research
Health economics

Background:

Adequate reimbursement schemes depend on understanding patient group resource use.
Staff time allocation is a key factor in mental healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

Analyze staff time allocation (psychiatrists, psychologists, nurses) in inpatient mental health care.
Determine per diem resource use differences across patient groups.

Main Methods:

A two-week self-reporting work-sampling study was conducted.
36 psychiatrists, 23 psychologists, and 106 nurses participated.
20,380 observations were collected, totaling approximately 10,190 hours of work.

Main Results:

Average staff costs were 138 euros per patient per day.
Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit and geriatric patients were most resource-intensive (192 and 162 euros/day).
Patients with substance-related disorders were least resource-intensive (116 euros/day).
58% of clinical time was spent on non-patient-contact tasks.
Nursing staff accounted for 70% of time and 60% of costs.

Conclusions:

Identified per diem resource use variations should inform reimbursement scheme discussions.
Reducing non-patient-contact tasks (e.g., documentation, administration) can reallocate resources to direct patient care.