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Related Concept Videos

Series R—L Circuit Transients01:22

Series R—L Circuit Transients

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In a series resistor-inductor (R-L) circuit, closing the switch at the start of the time period simulates a three-phase short circuit, a fault condition where all three phases of an unloaded synchronous machine are short-circuited. When there is no fault impedance and no initial current, the initial voltage is determined by the phase angle of the source voltage.
Using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to analyze this circuit helps determine the total asymmetrical fault current, which consists...
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Current Growth And Decay In RL Circuits01:30

Current Growth And Decay In RL Circuits

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The current growth and decay in RL circuits can be understood by considering a series RL circuit consisting of a resistor, an inductor, a constant source of emf, and two switches. When the first switch is closed, the circuit is equivalent to a single-loop circuit consisting of a resistor and an inductor connected to a source of emf. In this case, the source of emf produces a current in the circuit. If there were no self-inductance in the circuit, the current would rise immediately to a steady...
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Displacement Current01:19

Displacement Current

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Ampère's law, in its usual form, does not work in places where the current changes with time and is not steady. Thus, Maxwell suggested including an additional contribution, called the displacement current, Id, to the real conduction current I.
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Kirchhoff's Current Law01:04

Kirchhoff's Current Law

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In the realm of electrical engineering, physicist Gustav Robert Kirchhoff made a significant contribution in 1847 by introducing Kirchhoff's laws for electric circuit analysis. These laws, particularly Kirchhoff's Current Law (KCL), have become foundational principles in understanding and analyzing electrical circuits.
Kirchhoff's Current Law is based on the principle of charge conservation. It states that at any node (a point where two or more circuit elements meet) in an...
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Calculation of Self-inductance01:29

Calculation of Self-inductance

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The self-inductance of a circuit, often simply called the inductance, is a purely geometric factor that depends only on the circuit component's structure. More specifically, it depends on the shape and size of the component that lets the flux pass through it, thus inducing an electric field that opposes any current passing through it.
Since the effect of the induced electric field and the back EMF generated depends on the rate of change of current and the self-inductance, the inductance...
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Significance of Displacement Current01:27

Significance of Displacement Current

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A displacement current is analogous to a real current in Ampère's law, participating in Ampère's law the same way as the usual conduction current. However, it is produced by a changing electric field. Displacement current is defined in terms of a time-varying electric field, and also has an associated displacement current density. By adding a term accounting for displacement current, Maxwell modified the existing Ampère's law, which is now called generalized Ampère's law.
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Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Real-Time DC-dynamic Biasing Method for Switching Time Improvement in Severely Underdamped Fringing-field Electrostatic MEMS Actuators
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Dynamic leakage current compensation revisited.

Tony Schenk, Uwe Schroeder, Thomas Mikolajick

    IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control
    |March 14, 2015
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    Summary

    This study revisits dynamic leakage current compensation (DLCC) for leaky ferroelectrics. A new polarization-based calculus simplifies data processing compared to previous transient current methods.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Condensed Matter Physics
    • Electrical Engineering

    Background:

    • Ferroelectric materials exhibit leakage currents that complicate hysteresis measurements.
    • Dynamic hysteresis measurements are crucial for characterizing ferroelectric device behavior.
    • Existing dynamic leakage current compensation (DLCC) methods rely on transient current analysis.

    Discussion:

    • A complementary calculus for DLCC based on polarization data is presented.
    • This polarization-based approach simplifies data processing for leaky ferroelectrics.
    • The study elaborates on the effects and practical limitations of DLCC.

    Key Insights:

    • The novel polarization-based calculus offers an alternative to transient current methods for DLCC.

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  • This method enhances the ease of data processing in dynamic hysteresis measurements.
  • Extended practical limitations of DLCC are discussed beyond prior work.

    • Outlook:

    • Potential for improved characterization of ferroelectric devices with leakage.
    • Further research into optimizing DLCC methods for various ferroelectric applications.
    • Integration of polarization-based DLCC into standard characterization protocols.