[New therapeutic approaches].

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Neurology
• Pathology

Background:

• Dementia is primarily caused by progressive neurodegenerative brain diseases.
• Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Frontotemporal lobar degenerations are leading causes.
• These diseases involve the aggregation of pathological proteins like beta-amyloid, tau, alpha-synuclein, TDP-43, and FUS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the pathological mechanisms of dementia.
• To review current and novel therapeutic strategies targeting protein aggregation and neurotransmitter systems.
• To highlight the development of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions.

Main Methods:

• Review of pathological protein production, aggregation, and deposition.
• Analysis of neurotransmitter system deficits in dementia.
• Examination of clinical trial strategies for novel dementia treatments.

Main Results:

• Pathological protein aggregation leads to neuronal dysfunction and death.
• Current treatments focus on neurotransmitter imbalances.
• Emerging therapies aim to prevent protein aggregation and enhance clearance.

Conclusions:

• Targeting pathological protein aggregation is a key strategy for novel dementia treatments.
• Symptomatic treatments and non-pharmacological interventions are also crucial.
• Future research focuses on multifaceted approaches to combat neurodegeneration.