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Cryptorchidectomy in equids: 604 cases (1977-2010)
Richard Hartman1, Jan F Hawkins, Stephen B Adams
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|March 21, 2015
Summary
Cryptorchidectomy in equids is generally safe with few complications, but prior castration attempts can hinder accurate retained testis location. This study evaluated equine cryptorchidectomy management and outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Surgery
- Equine Medicine
- Reproductive Surgery
Background:
- Cryptorchidism is a common condition in equids, requiring surgical intervention.
- Accurate localization of retained testes is crucial for successful cryptorchidectomy.
- Previous castration attempts can complicate the surgical approach and diagnosis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the management and outcomes of cryptorchidectomy in equids.
- To analyze factors influencing surgical success and postoperative complications.
- To assess the accuracy of preoperative testicular localization methods.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series of 604 client-owned equids undergoing cryptorchidectomy.
- Review of medical records from 1977 to 2010.
- Analysis of breed, retained testis location, palpation accuracy, surgical technique, and complications.
Main Results:
- Quarter Horses were the most affected breed (47%).
- Preoperative rectal palpation accurately predicted testis location in 89.6% of cases, but was less accurate after previous castration attempts.
- Abdominal cryptorchidism was most common (59.6%), with noninvasive cryptorchidectomy being the preferred technique.
- Overall postoperative complications were 25% (including fever), with major complications at 3% and a mortality rate of 0.5%.
Conclusions:
- Cryptorchidectomy in equids, using various surgical approaches, is associated with minimal major postoperative complications.
- Previous castration attempts significantly reduce the accuracy of predicting retained testis location.
- Effective management strategies are essential for successful equine cryptorchidectomy outcomes.
