[Results of international multiple sclerosis research]

The present state of international multiple sclerosis research is summarized in a diagram on the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Recent epidemiological findings are reviewed, stressing regional increases in the frequency and the lower prevalence rates but more serious manifestation in the far east. Findings on HLA-antigens point to a genetic component. The frequency of DR2/DW2 correlates with the proximity to the disease susceptibility gene on chromosome 6. Diagnostic progress includes the measurement of visual evoked potentials, the results of computer tomography and most recently the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method, which makes it possible to visualize foci earlier and in greater number. The new diagnostic possibilities by analysis of the humoral and cellular response are briefly described. With respect to the therapy of MS it is stressed, that cause-related treatment comprises only a small part of the wide range of therapeutic possibilities. The immunosuppressive treatment with azathioprine, cyclophosphamide and cyclosporin A is discussed, also therapy with interferon and interferon-inductors. Finally, current experiments with hyperbaric oxygenation are mentioned. The essential necessity of systematic research on the pathogenesis of MS as the prerequisite of effective causal therapy is stressed.