Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Transduction

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...

Bacterial Transformation

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...

Bacterial Transformation

Bacterial Transformation

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Development and implementation of educational modules on management of neonates with critical congenital heart disease in the delivery room (LEARN-CHD).

Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association·2026

Same author

Comparing health metrics of nurses across the career trajectory.

Nursing outlook·2026

Same author

Corrigendum: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases.

RNA (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

Para-Benzoquinone (pBQ) Modifies Human Mitochondrial Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase and Contributes to Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Chemical research in toxicology·2026

Same author

Centering well-being: A strategic approach to supporting nurses through American Nurses Enterprise's Healthy Nurse, Healthy Nation®.

Nursing management·2025

Same author

Hospital-Based Perinatal Bereavement and Palliative Care: A Descriptive Study to Measure Patient Satisfaction and Care Provided.

The Journal of nursing administration·2025

Same journal

Feeding the invaders: How metabolic imbalance shapes infection and biofilm development.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

Same journal

Interactions between extracellular vesicles and viruses: lessons learned across species and kingdoms.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

Same journal

Killer Peptide: an antibody-derived self-assembling peptide bridging antimicrobial and host-defense mechanisms.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

Same journal

From gatekeeper to target: MAPK cascades as control circuits at the insect-microbe interface.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

Same journal

The role of fungal G protein-coupled receptors in interspecies cell-cell communication.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

Same journal

Convergent symbioses: morphology, life history, and niche specialization in coral and lichen mutualisms.

FEMS microbiology reviews·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Bacterial transfer RNAs.

Jennifer Shepherd¹, Michael Ibba²

¹Department of Microbiology and the Center for RNA Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

|March 23, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is vital for protein synthesis in bacteria, facilitating accurate translation. This review details tRNA

Keywords:

aminoacylation codon modification protein synthesis tRNA translation

More Related Videos

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Published on: August 18, 2010

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Published on: April 4, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Apr 16, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Bacterial Delivery of RNAi Effectors: Transkingdom RNAi

Published on: August 18, 2010

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Generation, Amplification, and Titration of Recombinant Respiratory Syncytial Viruses

Published on: April 4, 2019

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genetics
Biochemistry

Background:

Transfer RNA (tRNA) acts as a crucial adapter molecule in all domains of life.
Its primary function involves translating messenger RNA (mRNA) codons during protein synthesis, regulating gene expression.
Bacterial tRNA biology encompasses synthesis, maturation, modification, aminoacylation, and recycling.

Purpose of the Study:

To consolidate research on the multifaceted life cycle of bacterial transfer RNAs.
To explore tRNA's role in ribosomal codon recognition within bacterial systems.
To discuss emerging non-canonical functions of tRNA in bacteria.

Main Methods:

Literature review and synthesis of existing research findings.
Analysis of studies focusing on bacterial tRNA biogenesis and function.
Examination of data on tRNA's interaction with ribosomes and other cellular components.

Main Results:

Bacterial tRNA undergoes complex processing, including synthesis, maturation, and modification.
Aminoacylation and recycling are critical for maintaining tRNA functionality.
tRNA plays a key role in accurate codon recognition at the bacterial ribosome.
Alternative, non-translational roles for tRNA in bacteria are increasingly recognized.

Conclusions:

Bacterial tRNA is a dynamic molecule with essential roles in translation and gene expression.
Understanding tRNA processing and function is key to comprehending bacterial biology.
Further research into non-canonical tRNA functions will reveal new insights into bacterial cellular processes.