High-resolution vector microwave magnetometry based on solid-state spins in diamond

Area of Science:

• Quantum sensing
• Microwave technology
• Solid-state physics

Background:

• Accurate microwave field measurement is vital for advancing microwave technology.
• Current methods struggle with high sensitivity, spatial resolution, and ambient condition operation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose and demonstrate a novel scheme for measuring microwave magnetic field strength and orientation.
• To overcome limitations of existing microwave field measurement techniques.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing the quantum coherent dynamics of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond.
• Employing NV centers as sensitive probes for microwave magnetic fields.

Main Results:

• Achieved an angular resolution of 5.7 mrad and sensitivity of 1.0 μT Hz(-1/2) at 2.6 GHz.
• Precisely reconstructed microwave magnetic field vectors from a copper wire source.
• Demonstrated a solid-state microwave magnetometer operating under ambient conditions.

Conclusions:

• The proposed method provides high-resolution, wide-frequency range microwave magnetometry.
• This technique enables unique potential applications compared to existing state-of-the-art magnetometers.
• The solid-state approach offers a versatile platform for microwave field sensing.