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Related Concept Videos

Functions of the Gut Microbiota01:18

Functions of the Gut Microbiota

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The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
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Introduction to the Human Microbiota01:22

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Microorganisms colonize various regions of the human body, including the mouth, nasal passages, throat, stomach, intestines, urogenital tract, and skin. The total number of microbial cells is estimated to range from 10¹³ to 10¹⁴—comparable to, or exceeding, the number of human somatic cells. This host–microbiome relationship has led to the conceptualization of humans as supraorganisms, wherein microbial communities perform vital roles in development, immunity,...
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Microbiota of the Large Intestine01:27

Microbiota of the Large Intestine

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The large intestine hosts the most densely populated microbial ecosystem in the human body. This complex community primarily consists of anaerobic bacteria, with Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) and Bacteroidota (formerly Bacteroidetes) as the predominant groups. The distribution of these microbes varies along different sections of the large intestine, influenced by local environmental factors such as oxygen availability and nutrient composition.The cecum, located at the beginning of the large...
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Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

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The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from...
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The Skin Microbiota01:27

The Skin Microbiota

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The human skin serves as a complex ecosystem inhabited by a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. This microbiome plays a critical role in maintaining skin health and defending against pathogenic invaders. The composition of microbial communities varies significantly across different regions of the body, influenced primarily by the local levels of moisture and sebum.Regional Variation in Skin MicrobiotaCutibacterium acnes predominantly colonizes sebaceous...
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Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine01:29

Bacterial Flora of the Large Intestine

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The gut microbiome is formed by a vast and diverse community of bacteria that colonizes our large intestine. These bacteria start residing in the gut from birth and continue diversifying throughout life, influenced by factors such as diet, lifestyle, and stress. The gut bacterial community also includes bacteria from food and those that enter the colon through the anus.
The normal gut flora of the colon plays a critical role in generating essential vitamins such as vitamins K, B5, and B7.
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An In Vitro Batch-culture Model to Estimate the Effects of Interventional Regimens on Human Fecal Microbiota
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Exercise and the microbiota.

Orla O'Sullivan1, Owen Cronin, Siobhan F Clarke

  • 1a Teagasc Food Research Center ; Moorepark; Fermoy; Cork , Ireland.

Gut Microbes
|March 25, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Regular exercise benefits health beyond calorie burning, acting as a preventive and treatment strategy. This study explores how extreme physical activity impacts gut microbiota composition and function.

Keywords:
dietdiversityexercisegut microbiotahost-microbe interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise biology
  • Microbiome research
  • Human physiology

Background:

  • Sedentary lifestyles are linked to obesity and related disorders.
  • Exercise is recognized as a potent preventive and therapeutic strategy for numerous health conditions.
  • Modern lifestyles impact gut microbiota, but the specific effects of physical activity remain under-explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between extreme exercise, diet, and gut microbiota composition.
  • To elucidate potential mechanisms through which exercise influences the gut microbiome.

Main Methods:

  • Assessment of gut microbiota composition in individuals undertaking extreme exercise.
  • Analysis of associated dietary habits.
  • Discussion of potential exercise-mediated mechanisms affecting the gut microbiota.

Main Results:

  • Extreme exercise is associated with distinct gut microbiota profiles.
  • Dietary factors associated with extreme exercise may influence these microbial shifts.
  • Potential direct and indirect mechanisms link physical activity to gut microbial alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Exercise, particularly at extreme levels, significantly shapes gut microbiota composition.
  • Understanding these interactions may reveal novel therapeutic avenues for health and disease management.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the exercise-gut microbiota axis.