Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells
13:01

Anti-Nuclear Antibody Screening Using HEp-2 Cells

Published on: June 23, 2014

Significance of antikeratin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis

V J Hajiroussou, J Skingle, A P Gillett

    The Journal of Rheumatology
    |February 1, 1985
    PubMed

    More Related Videos

    Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate10:05

    Simultaneous Distinction of Monospecific and Mixed DFS70 Patterns During ANA Screening with a Novel HEp-2 ELITE/DFS70 Knockout Substrate

    Published on: January 17, 2018

    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice07:37

    An Adoptive Transfer Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Mice

    Published on: June 6, 2025

    Related Concept Videos

    Cross-reactivity00:42

    Cross-reactivity

    Overview
    The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

    The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

    Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
    Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

    Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

    An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
    Complete Antigens
    Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
    T Cell Types and Functions01:24

    T Cell Types and Functions

    When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
    Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
    Antibody Actions01:26

    Antibody Actions

    Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
    Neutralization
    Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...