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Perioperative synbiotics decrease postoperative complications in periampullary neoplasms: a randomized, double-blind

Heloisa Martins Sommacal¹, Vivian Pierri Bersch, Santo Pascoal Vitola

¹a Post Graduate Program in Medicine - Surgical Sciences , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul School of Medicine , Porto Alegre , Brazil.

Nutrition and Cancer

|March 25, 2015

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Perioperative synbiotics significantly reduced postoperative complications and mortality in patients undergoing surgery for periampullary neoplasms. This intervention also shortened hospital stays and antibiotic use, improving patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Surgical Oncology
Microbiome Research

Background:

Periampullary neoplasms (PNs) are aggressive tumors associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics) may mitigate postoperative complications by supporting the intestinal barrier.
Limited data exists on synbiotics' efficacy in patients with PNs.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of synbiotics on nutritional status, postoperative complications, antibiotic use, hospital stay, and mortality in patients undergoing surgery for PNs.
To assess the safety and effectiveness of synbiotics in this high-risk surgical population.

Main Methods:

A prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial involving patients with PNs.
Patients received either a synbiotic formulation (probiotics and fructooligosaccharides) or a placebo for 14 days.

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Outcomes including infection rates, noninfectious complications, antibiotic duration, hospital stay, and mortality were compared between groups.

Main Results:

The synbiotic group showed significantly lower rates of postoperative infection (26.1% vs. 69.6%) and noninfectious complications (26.1% vs. 60.9%).
Synbiotic administration led to a shorter duration of antibiotic therapy (9 vs. 15 days) and a reduced length of hospital stay (12 vs. 23 days).
Mortality was significantly lower in the synbiotic group (0% vs. 26.1%).

Conclusions:

Perioperative synbiotic administration is effective in reducing postoperative complications and mortality in patients undergoing surgery for periampullary neoplasms.
Synbiotics improve clinical outcomes by decreasing infection rates, shortening hospital stays, and reducing the need for prolonged antibiotic use.
This study supports the use of synbiotics as an adjuvant therapy in the perioperative management of patients with PNs.