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Natural killer cell activity in tuberculosis.

J K Onwubalili, G M Scott

    British Journal of Diseases of the Chest
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Natural killer (NK) cell activity remains largely unaffected in active tuberculosis patients. However, advanced disease may be linked to reduced NK cell function, indicating generalized anergy.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Cellular Biology

    Background:

    • Natural killer (NK) cells are crucial for innate immunity against viral infections and tumors.
    • The role of NK cell activity in host defense against bacterial infections like tuberculosis is not fully understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate NK cell activity in patients with active tuberculosis compared to healthy controls.
    • To assess the impact of antituberculosis chemotherapy on NK cell function.
    • To explore potential NK cell dysfunction in severe or specific forms of tuberculosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Studied 27 patients with active tuberculosis and 27 matched healthy controls.
    • Measured spontaneous and interferon (IFN)-augmented NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 target cells.

    Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized a 4-hour 51Cr-release assay for cytotoxicity measurement.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in mean spontaneous or IFN-augmented NK cytotoxicity were observed between tuberculosis patients and controls.
    • NK cell activity remained comparable before and during antituberculosis chemotherapy.
    • One patient with extensive, malnourished, alcoholic, multibacillary disease exhibited depressed NK cell activity unresponsive to in vitro IFN treatment.

    Conclusions:

    • The NK cell system does not appear to be of primary importance in host defense against human tuberculosis.
    • Advanced or severe tuberculosis may be associated with deficient NK cell activity, potentially as part of a generalized anergic state.