Related Experiment Video
Updated: Apr 15, 2026
11:10
Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Dioxide and a Temperature-dependent Optical Model
Published on: May 23, 2018
12.6K
Vanadium in asymmetric synthesis: emerging concepts in catalyst design and applications.
Shinobu Takizawa1, Harald Gröger2,3, Hiroaki Sasai4
1The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (ISIR), Osaka University, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki-shi, Osaka 567-0047 (Japan).
Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|March 27, 2015
Summary
Vanadium catalysis advances asymmetric synthesis through bifunctional, dinuclear, and hybrid catalysts. These innovations, including artificial enzymes and one-pot chemo-enzymatic reactions, offer new synthetic possibilities.
Area of Science:
- Organic Chemistry
- Catalysis
- Asymmetric Synthesis
Background:
- Vanadium catalysis has emerged as a versatile tool in modern organic synthesis.
- Nature's catalytic strategies inspire the development of advanced vanadium-based systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in vanadium catalysis for asymmetric synthesis.
- To highlight three key concepts: bifunctional/dinuclear catalysts, hybrid catalysts (artificial enzymes), and chemo-enzymatic combinations.
Main Methods:
- Design and synthesis of novel bifunctional and dinuclear vanadium catalysts.
- Incorporation of oxovanadium complexes into proteins to create artificial enzymes.
- Integration of vanadium chemocatalysts with enzyme catalysis in one-pot reactions.
Main Results:
- Development of efficient bifunctional and dinuclear vanadium catalysts.
- Creation of artificial enzymes through the incorporation of oxovanadium complexes into proteins.
- Successful implementation of one-pot dynamic kinetic resolutions using vanadium chemocatalysts and enzymes.
Conclusions:
- Vanadium catalysis offers diverse and complementary approaches to asymmetric synthesis.
- Hybrid catalysts and chemo-enzymatic systems represent significant progress in the field.
- These advancements open new perspectives for efficient and selective chemical transformations.
Related Concept Videos
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
4.1K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
4.1K
01:22Heterogeneous Catalysis
128
Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
128
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
13.7K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
13.7K
01:26Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions
7.4K
Several restrictions limit the use of Friedel–Crafts reactions. First, the halogen in the alkyl halide must be attached to an sp3-hybridized carbon for the Friedel–Crafts reactions to occur. Vinyl or aryl halides do not react since the carbocations formed are unstable under the reaction conditions. Second, Friedel–Crafts alkylation is susceptible to carbocation rearrangement, and the major products obtained have a rearranged carbon skeleton. In contrast, the acylium ion is...
7.4K
01:17Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
4.3K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
4.3K
01:29Diels–Alder Reaction: Characteristics of Dienes
5.8K
The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is...
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is...
5.8K