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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 15, 2026

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

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Published on: November 30, 2021

Homo erectus in Salkhit, Mongolia?

¹Department of Anthropology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521-0418, USA.

Homo : Internationale Zeitschrift Fur Die Vergleichende Forschung Am Menschen

|March 28, 2015

Summary

The Salkhit skullcap displays archaic features, but these are regionally common rather than indicative of an archaic species. This suggests a broader pattern of hominin evolution in Asia.

Area of Science:

Paleoanthropology
Human Evolution
Asian Paleontology

Background:

The Salkhit skullcap, discovered in Mongolia in 2006, presents a unique morphological dataset.
Its dating remains uncertain, with proposed ranges from the early Middle Pleistocene to the late Pleistocene.

Observation:

The Salkhit skullcap exhibits archaic features, prompting potential affiliation with archaic hominin species like Homo erectus or archaic Homo sapiens.
Morphological and metric comparisons were made with Middle and Late Pleistocene hominin fossils from Northeast Asia, including Zhoukoudian Locality 1, Dali, and Zhoukoudian Upper Cave.

Findings:

Archaic features in the Salkhit skullcap are also present in later hominins.
Salkhit differs from Middle Pleistocene samples similarly to how later hominins do, showing a broader frontal and thinner supraorbital region, potentially reflecting encephalization and gracilization.

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Implications:

The findings suggest that the archaic features of the Salkhit skullcap are regionally predominant rather than diagnostic of a specific archaic species.
If Homo erectus or archaic Homo sapiens are implicated, the Salkhit fossil suggests earlier hominin dispersal into northern and inland Asia than previously understood.